GRE阅读长难句结构成分分析
时间：2020-10-09 来源：博通范文网 本文已影响 人 
GRE阅读中出现长难句无疑是对考生的挑战，而看不懂长难句所导致的做不好题目问题也普遍存在。下面小编就和大家分享GRE阅读长难句结构成分，欢迎阅读!
GRE阅读长难句结构成分
GRE阅读长难句成分分析
1)长从句做主语、宾语及其他成分，a、主语从句 b、宾语从句
2)长状语
3)层层修饰
4)并列成分
GRE阅读长难句中的倒装搭配
(1)及物动词加介词：固定词组的固定搭配中，经常出现倒装情况，如：bring A to B，写作：bring to B A
例：Yet Waltzer’s argument , however deficient , does point to one ofthe mostserious weaknesses of capitalism-namely , that it brings topredominant positionsin a society people who ,no matter howlegitimately they have earned theirmaterial rewards , often lack thoseother qualities that evoke affection oradmiration.
类似的情况：throw over , insert into , import into , infer from, establish for,advocate as 等
(2)及物动词加副词
例：make possible …(单词或者句子)
GRE阅读长难句省略现象解读
(1)重复的成分
(2)让步转折的省略：如although (but)
(3)定语从句引导词的省略which(that )
(4)定语从句的引导词和系动词同时省略，变成后置定语
如：qualities(such as “the capacity for hard work”) essential in producingwealth
GRE长难句短语分析现象
如：such as, so that , too to , more than , from A to B , between A and B
GRE长难句多重否定判定
如：Despite these vague categories , one should not claimunequivocally thathostility between ecognizable classes cannot belegitimately observed .
实例讲解GRE长难句成分分析技巧
Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industrygreatlyincreased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class ,anelement in national life representing irresponsible wealth detachedfrom theland and the duties of the landowners; and almost equallydetached from theresponsible management of business.[句子主干]Such large,impersonal manipulation ofcapital and industry greatly increased…shareholders as a class, (which was) anelement…
[语法难点]本句是典型的非限定性定语从句，难点在其主语和宾语都有较长的短语和of结构限定，并且分句是由两个and相连的3个部分组成的。分句anelement…landowners 又带有两个定语从句，一个是(which was)representing…，另一个是(whichwas)detached…可见，定语从句的难点在于经常省略“引导词+be”的结构，从而在理解上容易和分词结构相混淆。
[句子翻译]对资本和企业的这种大规模的非个人操纵大大增加了股东作为一个阶级的数量和重要性。这个阶层作为国计民生的一部分，代表了非个人责任的财富与土地及土地所有者应尽义务的分离，而且也几乎与责任管理相分离。
攻克GRE阅读之经典长难句练习
Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black familyencouraged the transmission of-and so was crucial in sustaining-the Blackheritage of folklore，music，and religious expression from one generation toanother，a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their Africanand American experiences. (4)
难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语
译文：古特曼人令人信服地论辨道，黑人家庭的稳定有助于包括民间传说、音乐、及宗教表达在内的黑人文化遗产一代一代传递下去，因而在维持文化遗产方面也起着至关重要的作用，而对于这种文化遗产，黑奴们不断地从其非洲和美洲的经历中予以丰富发展。
解释：由that引导的宾语从句中，encouraged的宾语the transmission of the Blackheritage被同时表示并列和转折的and so 分开，给读者造成了阅读上和理解上的困难。最后一个逗号后面的部分是修饰前面的blackheritage的同位语。
意群训练：Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black familyencouraged the transmission of-and so was crucial in sustaining-the Blackheritage of folklore，music，and religious expression from one generation toanother，a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their Africanand American experiences.
攻克GRE阅读之经典长难句练习
This preference for exogamy，Gutman suggests， may have derived from WestAfrican rules governing marriage，which，though they differed from one tribalgroup to another，all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with closekin. (3+)
难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语
译文：古特曼表示，这种对于外部通婚的偏爱很有可能缘起于西部非洲制约着婚姻的规定，尽管这些规定在一个和另一个部落群体之间不尽相同，但都涉及到某种对近亲联姻(unionwith close kin)的禁止。
解释：本句有两个插入语，第一个插入语Gutman suggests割裂了主句的主语和谓语。West Africanrules后跟着两个修饰成分，第一个是分词修饰(governing marriage),第二个是以which引导的非限定性定语从句，从句中出现了第二个插入语though they differed from one tribal group toanother，又割裂了从句引导词与谓语之间的联系。
意群训练：This preference for exogamy，Gutman suggests， may have derived fromWest African rules governing marriage，which，though they differed from one tribalgroup to another，all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with closekin.
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