高考英语阅读理解考题解答锦囊

本类考题解答锦囊

　英语的一个显著特点是它庞大的词汇数量。即使一个拥有上万单词量的人在阅读英语读物中也难免会遇到生词。如果每遇到生词，就查阅词典，不但会降低阅读速度，而且往往使阅读变得索然无味。据调查，影响人们阅读理解的，首先是词汇。因此学习并掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法，对排除阅读时某些生词的干扰，降低生词率是十分必要的。

　 任何一个买词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。NMET 阅读理解中猜测词义的考查内容既可以是文中的生词，也可以是熟词新义、短语或句子。但都要求考生根据上下文线索(即具体语境)作出推断。此类题的提问形式一般有：

　 1. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to"... "?

　2. The underlined word, means_______. 3. The underlined phrase, means_______.

　4. Theun derlined sentence,means_______. 利用上下文的提示猜测词义的方法有如下几种：

　1.根据定义或解释猜测词义 【例题】

　(1)A calendar is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year. 根据定义, calendar 的意思是日历.。

　(2)A biography is the story of a person"s life written by someone else 根据定义， biography 的意思是凡别人写的生平叫做传记。

　(3)Some writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the USA--money, Success or expensive things to buy.

　2.破折号后而的内容是对 value 一词的具体解释。

　【例题】

　(1)He replied quickly. But after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a hasty decision.根据耻下文学语境意义，可悟出 quickly 与 hasty 同义。

　(2)Although people in many countries consider raw meat a delicacy(美味), we Chinese people seldom eat any meat that is uncooked.根据上下文语境意义得知 raw meat 即是 meat that is uncooked. Raw 与 uncooked 表示相同意思生的，未煮过的。

　(3)--1 think we are being watched.

　 --Really? What makes you think we are under surveillance?根据语境，可判断出 being watched -15 under surveillance 是同义关系。

　(4)During the concert, the children were quiet but afterwards, they became boiaterous.

　 but 表示转折意思，因此 bomterous 是 quiet 的反义词，意思为吵吵嚷嚷的。

　(5)Unlike her gregarious sister,Jane is a shy person,who does not like to go to parties,or to make new friends. unlike 是关键词，它表示 Jane 与她的姐姐完全不同。根据后面对 Jane 的描述“…ashyper son,．．．not like to go parties or to make new froends"，可得知 gregarious 的意思是好交际的。

　3．根据举例 【例题】

　(1)Scientists are studying how birds such ternsmigrate．

　 根据举例法(such as)，得知 terns 是一种鸟。

　(2)Today young couples whoare just starting their households often spend lots of their money on appliances?for example，washing--machines，fridges and color TVs．

　根据举例法(for example)，得知 appUances 是指 washing-machines，fridges and co1or TVs 这类家用电器。

　(3)Several other gases，such as argon，comprise the remaining one per cent of the vo1ume of dry air．

　 SUChas 提示 argon 为某种气体。

　4．根据因果关系。

　【例题】

　(1)She did not hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading．

　because 之前的分句表示结果，之后的分句表示原因，可推理，她没有听见的原因是她完全被阅读吸引住了或她正全神贯注地看书。因此 engrossed 的意思是被吸引的，全神贯注的。

　(2)The noise was so faint that it was impossible to besure what it was or even where it came fronL

　 So．．．that．．．，结构引导的句子也表示因果关系。因此可判断出 faint 在此句中的意思是微弱的。声音太弱，以致不能确认是什么声音或是从哪里发出的。

　(3)ThiS kind of flower thrives in this area because the weather is warm，the Soil is excellent，and there iS a lot of rain。

　because 一词决定了 flower 与 warm weather，excellent sOil，a10t Of rain 之间是因果关系。

　因此 thdves 的意思是茂盛成长。

　5．根据句意或上下文语境

　 例 1 If he think she can invitemeout，he is all wet．I don"t like to be with the them.

　 A. drunk

　B．sweating

　C．happy

　D．mistaken 【解 析】

　根据第二句我不喜欢跟他在一起，可推断出，如果他认为他能约我出去，那他就错了。这两句话实际上暗含因果关系。

　【答

　案】

　D

　 例 2 At the age of 77，John was still playing a skill ful game of tennis，ran four miles everydday and seldom missed his daily swim．For a man of his age he was extremelyrobust．

　 According to the short passage，the word“robust”，probably means________.

　 A。strange

　B．weak

　C．strong

　ninteresting

　【答

　案】

　C

　根据语境的意思，一个 77 岁的人还能如此运动，可以说是身体不错，因此可以推断 robust 是 strong 强壮的意思。

　 由此可见猜测词义离不开上下文、离不开具体语境。

　Ⅰ高考最新热门题

　1. ( 典型例题，E E 卷 )

　 T-shirts out; uniforms in

　School uniforms are becoming more and more popular across the U. S. A. That"s no surprise, because they offer many benefits. They immediately end the powerful social sorting and labeling (标记) that come from clothing.

　If all students are dressed in the same way, they will not pay too much attention to their clothing, and some of them will not be laughed at for wearing the "wrong"clothes.

　Some people are against the strict rule of school uniforms, but they do not realize that students already accept a kind of rule-- wanting to look just like their friends. The difference is that the clothing students choose for themselves creates social barriers; school uniforms tear those barriers down.

　 As in other places, uniforms remind the wearers of their purpose and duties. For example, when a man or woman puts on a police uniform, he or she becomes, for a time, the symbol (象征) of taw and order. The uniform means to the wearer his or her special duties and sends the same message to everyone the wearer meets. People with different jobs wear uniforms of one kind or another. For students, the school uniform reminds them that their task for the six or seven hours they are in school is to get an education. Some parents are unhappy about uniforms, saying that school uniforms will affect their children"s" creativity". First, as noted above, the clothes students choose to wear do not necessarily express their individuality (个性). They just copy their classmates. Second, students have the rest of the day to be as creative as they like. While they"re in school, their job is to master reading, writing, and math; this should take up all the creativity they have. Mastery of those skills will be good for the students to build up their creativity in every way.

　 1. In Paragraph 1, the word "benefits"probably means________.

　 A. tasks

　 B. messages C. differences

　D. advantages

　2. From the passage we learn that uniforms in general________.

　A. prevent the wearers from being laughed at

　B. help the wearers keep their duties in mind

　C. are seen as a symbol of power

　D. help to create social barriers

　3. Some people are against school uniforms because ________.

　A. they fail to realize that students have accepted the uniforms

　B. they believe that uniforms will make students less creative

　C. they don"t agree that uniforms can remove social barriers

　D. they think that school uniforms are too popular

　4. The author would probably agree that

　 A. it makes no difference whether to wear school uniforms or not

　 B. students" individuality may not come from school education

　 C. students" creativity is related to" the clothes they choose

　 D. school uniforms help to create equality among students

　命题目的与解题技巧：本文有关题考查学生猜测词义能力。做这类题的关键是学生根据上下文线索(即具体语境)作出推断。

　 【解 析】

　本文是一篇关于是否该穿校服的争论的议论文。有人认为校服会扼杀孩子的创造性，但很显然作者是同意穿校服的，认为穿校服可以在学生中间培养公平意识。

　 【答

　案】

　1．D

　猜测词义。从下文看，作者例数校服的诸多好处，显然“benifits"在此有“优点，好处”之义。其他三词 tasks(任务)，messages(信息)，differences(不同)，意思相差甚远。

　2．B

　细节推断。从第三段第一句话“AsinOtherplaces，uni forms remind the wearers of their purpose and duties"可推知，制服(unifontt)帮助穿衣者时刻记住其职责。

　3．B

　细节题。从最后一段第一句：“Someparents．．．，sayin8 that school uniforms will affect their children"screatiVity"可直接选出答案。

　4．D

　主旨推断题。纵览全文，作者的观点是认为学生穿校服可以培养公平意识，对于创造性可以在其他时间和事件中培养。

　Passage 1( 典型例题 B)

　 These days a green building means more than just the color of the paint. Green building can also refer to environmentally friendly houses, factories, and offices.

　Green building means "reducing the impact (影响) of the building on the land" Taryn Holowka of the U.S Green Building Council in Washington, D. C. said.

　According to Holowka, buildings account for(占了) 65 percent of total U. $. electricity use.

　But green buildings can reduce energy and water use. Also, the buildings are often located near public transportation such as buses and subways, so that people can drive their cars less. That could be good for the environment, because ears use lots of gas and give off pollution. Green buildings are often built on developed land, so that the buildings don"t destroy forests.

　Marty Dettling is the project manager for a building that put these ideas into action.

　The Solaire has been called the country"s first green high-rise building. According to Dettling, "We"ve reduced our energy use by one-third and our water by 50 percent. "

　 The Solaire cuts energy in part by using so]ar power. "On the lace of the building we have solar panels which change the sun"s energy into electricity,"Dettling explained.

　The Solaire also has lights that automatically turn off when people leave the room. In addition, the building has lots of windows, allowing people to use the sun for light during the day. The Solaire cuts water by reusing it.

　 Not everyone is eager to move into a green building, however. Some people think that things like solar panels cost more money than more traditional energy sources. Anyhow, Holowka said, "It"s going to be big." 1. In the second paragraph, the underlined words "the building" most probably refer to________.

　A. an ordinary building

　B. an. energy-saving building

　C. a green-colored building

　D. a building in Washington, D. C.

　答案: : A

　指导：文章第一段第二句首先介绍了当今的 Green building 的概念是环保型的houses，factories 和 offices。第二段第一句指出环保型建筑就是要减少 thebuilding 所造成的(不良)影响。由此町判断 thebuiding 为普通建筑。

　2. A green building is often built on an area of land________.

　A. which has thick forests around

　13. which has already been used for building

　C. where people of high income live

　D. where traveling around by car is most convenient

　答案: : B

　指导：根据第四段倒数第一句可知。第四段讲了 green buiding 对于环境等的优点，A、C、D 项内容本段未提及。

　3. When Holowka says in the last paragraph, "It"s going to be

　big", she means that green buildings________.

　 A. will be more comfortable

　B. will become popular in the future

　C. will be more environmentally friendly

　D. will take the place of traditional buildings

　答案: : B

　指导：根据前面几段对于 green buiding 优点的介绍，再根据最后一句中的 anyhow所表达的逻辑关系进行推理，可知答案。

　4. What is the main subject discussed in the text?

　A. Dettling designed the first green building in the U. S.

　B. Energy shortage calls for buildings of new design.

　C. Green buildings help save environment.

　D. The Solaire serves as a model of high buildings.

　答案: : C

　指导：文章第一段介绍 greenbuilding 是环保型的，下面又分段分绍它的优点，最后一段介绍其前景，因此可判断 C 为正确答案。

　Passage 2( 典型例题 E)

　Every year more people recognize that it is wrong to kill wildlife for "sport". Progress in this direction is slow because shooting is not a sport for watching, and only those few who take part realize the cruelty and destruction.

　The number of gunners, however, grows rapidly. Children too young to develop proper iudgments through independ- ent thought are led a long way away by their gunning parents. They are subjected to advertisements of gun producers who describe shooting as good for their health and guncarrying as a way of putting redder blood in the veins (血管). They are persnaded by gunner magazines with stories honoring the chase and the kill. In school they view motion pictures which are supposedly meant to teach them how to deal with arms safely but which are actually designed to stimulate (刺激) a desire to own a gun.

　Wildlife is disappearing because of shooting and because of the loss of wildland habitat (Jfl~,~,J~). Habitat loss will contin- ue with our increasing population, but can we slow the loss of wildlife caused by shooting? There doesn"t seem to be any chance if the serious condition of our birds is not improved.

　Wildlife belongs to everyone and not to the gunners alone. Although most people do not shoot,

　they seem to forgive shooting for sport because they know little or nothing about it. The only answer, then, is to bring the truth about sport shooting to the great majority of people. Now, it is time to realize that animals have the same right to life as we do and that there is nothing fair or right about a person with a gun shooting the harmless and beautiful creatures. The gunners like to describe what they do as character- building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony of dying can make nobody happy. If, as they would have you believe, gun-carrying and killing improve human character, then perhaps we should encourage war. [来源:学,科,网] 1. According to the text, most people do not seem to be against hunting because________.

　A. they have little knowledge of it

　B. it helps to build human character

　C. it is too costly to stop killing wildlife

　D. they want to keep wildlife under control

　答案: : A

　指导：第四段第二句是解此题的关键句。

　2. The underlined word "agony"in the last paragraph probably means________.

　A. form

　B. condition

　C. pain

　D. sadness

　答案: : C

　指导：通过画线词所在句子中的 but 所表达的转折关系可推出该词的含义。

　3. According to the text, the films children watch at school actually ________.

　A. teach them how to deal with guns safely

　B. praise hunting as character-building

　C. describe hunting as an exercise

　D. encourage them to have guns of their own

　答案: : D 指导：第二段最后一句是解本题的关键。

　4. It can be inferred from the text that the author seems to________.

　A. blame the majority of people

　B. worry about the existence of wildlife

　C. be in favour of war

　 D. be in support of character-building

　答案: : B

　指导：本文最后一段反映出作者反对持枪捕措，从而揭示作者对于野生动物的生存的担忧之情。

　Passage 3( 典型例题) )

　 Millions of aircraft take off around the world every year. The skies they fly in seem limitless --miles of empty space. But, with the number offlights increasing each year, this emptiness no longer exists. Researchers in the world of aviation (航空) are worried about the increasing pressure on pilots and ground controllers. And increasing collisions, occurring at or near an airport, have called attention to the need for more aids (辅助设备) to aviation control.

　People who travel the skies are not certain about air safety. A great deal of money is spent on new and bigger aircraft and airports to deal with the vast increase in passengers travelling by air. Only a small percentage of this money is spent on navigation (导航) and other aids. Actually, suitable electronic equipment has long existed, and many companies market safety aids designed to make it safer for aircraft to take off, fly any distance, any land, whatever the weather. Yet, there are two problems to be solved. The first is to get governments, airlines and airport officials to agree to basic levels of safety aids. The second problem is to find a way of meeting these basic requirements. But no matter how well the equipment works, operators of the equipment still play an important role. Communications between pilots and ground controllers are extremely important to air safety. It is worth pointing out that the mishearing or misunderstanding of instructions in English, and the use of another language, in an international conversation, have led to two recent aircraft accidents. A new type of instrument (仪器) called FLIGHTWATCH would help pilots prevent airport collisions. It would be particularly helpful near airports.

　1. The

　increasing

　number

　of flights leads to the fact that________.

　 A. flying is no longer limited in the sky

　 B. there is no empty space for aids to aviation control C. piloting and controlling planes is getting more difficult D. the pressure on the ground becomes greater

　答案: : C

　指导：第一段第三句话"Researchersi in．．．thepressure on pilots and ground controllers"意思是世界航空研究者们担心飞行员和地面导航的日益增长的压力，正好与 C项吻合。

　2. There is uncertainty about air safety because

　.

　A. planes become bigger for the increasing number of passengers

　B. money spent on electronic equipment is far from enough

　B. suitable electronic equipment hasn"t been invented yet

　D. it is dangerous for planes to take off or land

　答案: : B

　指导：根据第二段第一句话"Peoplewhotravel theskies

　are not certainabout airsafet／’和最后三句话"Yet，thereare twoproblemstobesolvedo．．．”可知 B 为最佳选项。

　3. The underlined word "collisions"probably means

　 A. accidents in which two planes hit each other

　B. misunderstandings between pilots and ground controllers

　C. quarrels among passengers

　D. breakdowns of new types of instrument

　答案: : A

　指导：根据第一段第二句和第三句“飞机好像在几公里 这么宽的无限制空间中飞行”，“然而随着飞机数量的增多，这种无限的空间不存在了”。由于空间有限，所以撞机事件时有发生。

　4. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

　A. governments and officials have paid great attention to air safety

　B. there should be more companies to sell new safety aids

　C. English should be used in an international conversation

　D. understanding between pilots and ground controllers should be improved

　答案: : D 指导：根据第三段第二句“Communicationsbetween pilots and ground controllers are extremely important to air

　safety”可知，D 为最佳选项，句意为：飞行员和地面人员的交流对飞行安全是极为重要的。

　Passage 4( 典型例题) )

　Grown-ups know that people and objects are solid. At the movies, we know that if we reach out to touch Tom Cruise, all we will feel is air. But does a baby have this understanding?

　To see whether babies know objects are solid, T. Bowerdesigned a method for projecting an optical illusion (视觉影像) of a hanging ball. His plan was to first give babies a real ball, one they could reach out and touch, and then to show them the illusion. If they knew that objects are solid and they reached out for the illusion and found empty air, they could be expected to show surprise in their faces and movements. All the 16-to-24-week-old babies tested were surprised when they reached for the illusion and found that the ball was not there.

　 Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence.

　We know that if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. But does a baby realize that a ball that rolls under a chair does not disappear and go to never-never land? Experiments done by Bower suggest that babies develop a sense of object permanence when they are about 18 weeks old. In his experiments, Bower used a toy train that went behind a screen. When 16-week-old and 22-week-old babies watched the toy train disappear behind the left side of the screen, they looked to the right, expecting it to reappear. If the experiment- er took the train off the table and iifted the screen, all the babies seemed surprised not to see the train. This seems to show that all the babies had a sense of object permanence. But the second part of the experiment showed that this was not really the case. The researcher substituted (替换) a ball for the train when it went behind the screen.

　The 22-week-old babies seemed surprised and looked back to the left side for the train. But the 16-week-old babies did not seem to notice the switch(更换). Thus, the 16-week-old babies seemed to have a sense of "something permanence", while the 22-week-old babies had a sense of object permanence related to a particular object.

　1. The passage is mainly about________.

　A. babies" sense of sight

　B. effects of experiments on babies

　C. babies" understanding of objects

　 D. different tests on babies" feelings

　答案: : C

　指导：本文属于说明文，说明文的中心大多在第一段就给予介绍，本文也不例外，所以要想找出本文中心，重点看文章第一段，尤其是文章第一段的最后一句。

　2. In Paragraph 3, "object permanence"means that when out of

　sight, an object________.

　A. still exists

　B. keeps its shape

　C. still stays solid

　 D. is beyond reach

　答案: : A

　指导：根据本句后的两个句子判断。

　3. What did Bower use in his experiments?

　A. A chair.

　 B. A screen.

　 C. A film.

　 O. A box.

　答案: : B

　指导：根据最后一段第二句可判断。

　4. Which of the following statements is, true?

　A. The babies didn"t have a sense of direction.

　B. The older babies preferred toy trains to balls.

　C. The younger babies liked looking for missing objects.

　D. The babies couldn"t tell a ball from its optical illusion.

　答 案: : D

　指导：A 项：这些婴儿没有方向感；B 项：年长一点的婴儿更喜欢玩具火车，而不喜欢球；C 项：年幼一点的婴儿喜欢寻找丢失的东西；D 项：这些婴儿不能辨别球和视觉影像。A、乙两项文章未提；文章中所提及的实验目的是看婴儿是否有 asense of object permanence(物体存在概念)，并不是他们的 爱好，因此 B 也要排除；文章第二段最后一句说明了用球做实验时，他们弄不清球和(球)所造成的视觉错觉影像。

　Passage 5(O4, 湖北

　C)

　 8: 30PM

　Outlook

　Outlook is back with a new series of reports to keep you up date with all that"s new in the world of entertainment. Stories go all the way from the technical to the romantic, from stage to screen. There will be reports of the stars of the moment, the stars of the future and the stars of the past. The director with his new film, the designer with the latest fashion, and the musician with the popular song are part of the new Outlook. The program is introduced by Fran Levine.

　9: 00PM Discovery When a 10-year-old boy gets a first class degree in mathematics or an 8-year-old plays chess like a future grand master, they are considered as geniuses. Where does the quality of genius come from? Is it all in the genes (基因)or can any child be turned in- to a genius? And if parents do have a child who might become a genius in the future, what should they do? In this 30-minute film, Barry John-son, the professor at School of Medicine, New York University will help you discover the answer.

　10: OOPM

　Seieaee/Heath

　Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs? The answer is "yes". According to the researchers at Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers. After a study of 800 persons with high blood pressure, they found that after 6 months those devoted to weight loss-exercise and eating a low-salt, low-fat food---lost about 13 pounds and became fitter. Plus, 35% of them dropped into the "normal"category (范畴). This week, Dr. Alan Duckworth will tell you how these people reduce their blood pressure to a level similar to what"s achieved with Hypertension drugs.

　1. The main purpose of writing these three texts is________.

　A. to invite people to see films

　B. to invite people to topic discussions

　C. to attract more students to attend lectures

　D. to attract more people to watch TV programs

　答案: : D

　指导：根据所给的时间和节目的名字可知，这是电视上所播的三个节目。

　2. From Outlook, you can get a great deal of information about________.

　 A. story tellers

　B. famous stars C. film companies

　 D. music fans

　答案: : B

　指导：从第一句话中可知。

　3. Who will be most probably interested in Discovery?

　 A. Parents who want to send their children to a school of medicine.

　B. Children who are good at mathematics.

　 C. Parents who want their child to become another Albert Einstein.

　 D. Children who are interested in playing chess.

　答案: : C

　指导：从句中“1f parents do have achild who might become genius in the future，what should they do?”可知此答案。

　4. In Science/Health, "Johns Hopkins"is________.

　 A. a famous university

　B. a medical center C. a well-known doctor

　D. a drug company

　答案: : B

　指导：从句中“．．．according to the resarchers at Johns

　Hopk insandthree other medicalcenters"可知此答案。

　5. According to the third text, which of the following has almost the same effect as Hypertension drugs?

　 A. Exercise plus a healthy diet.

　 B. Loss of thirteen pounds in weight.

　 C. Six months of exercise without drugs. D. Low-salt and low-fat food. 答案: : A

　指导：从句中"Afterastudy of 800 persons。．．，those devoted toweight loss-exercise and eating a low-salt．．．”可知答案。

　Ⅱ

　题点经典类型题

　1.( 典型例题

　B)

　 Some time ago I discovered that one of my chairs had a broken leg. I didn"t think there would be any difficulty in getting it mended, as there are a whole lot of antique (古董) shops near my home. So I left home one morning carrying the chair with me. I went into the first shop expecting a friendly reception (接待). I was quite wrong. The man wouldn"t even look at my chair.

　 The second shop, though slightly more polite, was just the same, and the third and the fourth--so I decided that my approach must be wrong.

　 I entered the fifth shop with a plan in my mind. I placed the chair on the floor and said to the shopkeeper, "Would you like to buy a chair?"He looked it over carefully and said, "Yes, not a had chair. How much do you want for it, sir?""Twenty pounds,"I said, "OK,"he said. "I"ll give you twenty pounds. " "It"s got a slightly broken leg,"I said. "Yes, I saw that, it"s nothing."

　 Everything was going according to plan and I was getting excited. "What will you do with it?" I asked. "Oh, it will be easy to sell once the repair is done." "I"11 buy it," I said. "What do you mean?" "You"ve just sold it to me,"he said. "Yes, I know but I"ve changed my mind. I am sorry. I"U give

　you twenty-seven pounds for it.

　""You must be crazy,"he

　said. Then, suddenly the penny dropped. "I know what you

　want. You want me to repair your chair." "You"re right,"I

　said. "And what would you have done if I had walked in and

　said, "Would you mend this chair for me?" "I wouldn"t have agreed to do it," he said. "We don"t do repairs, not enough mon-

　ey in it and too much trouble. But I"ll mend this for you, shall

　we say for a fiver?" He was a very nice man and was greatly amused(感到有趣) by the whole thing.

　1. We can learn from the text that in the first shop the

　writer________.

　 A. was rather impolite

　 B. was warmly recelved

　 C. asked the shopkeeper to buy his chair

　 D. asked the shopkeeper to repair his chair

　2. The underlined word "approach"in the second paragraph

　 means________.

　 A. plan for dealing with things

　B. decision to sell things

　 C. idea of repairing things

　D. way of doing things

　3. The expression "the penny dropped" in the last paragraph

　 means the shopkeeper.________.

　 A. changed his mind

　 B. accepted the offer

　 C. saw the writer"s purpose

　 D. decided to help the writer

　4. How much did the writer pay?.

　A.￡5.

　 B.￡7.

　 C. ￡ 20.

　 D. ￡ 27.

　5. From the text,we can learn that the writer was________.

　 A. honest

　 B. careful

　 C. smart

　 D. funny

　命题目的与解题技巧：本文 2、3 题的命题目的是考察学生同义猜测能力。这类题的解题技巧：仔细读划线词的上下文，根据句意或上下文语境作出判断。

　 【解

　析】

　本文讲述了作者发现椅子坏了，于是请人修理椅子时所发生的一些事情。

　 【 答

　案】

　1．D

　细节推断题。可用排除法，根据文意 B、C 很容易被排除，而 A“作者很无礼”，文中并没有这样的提示，故选 D。

　 2．D

　词义猜测题。根据上下文猜测词义，作者前四次的境遇基本相同，当他走进第五个店时，由“Ientered．．．with a-- an．．．would you like to buy a chair?”我们知道他这次改变了方法，不再说修理，而是问店主是否愿意买椅子，所以答案应选 D,表示“做事的力法”。

　 3．C

　词义猜测题。根据“the penny dropped”前面店主所说的“You must be crazy"，店主认为作者给他 27 镑买自己的椅子是不可理喻的，但是很快他又说“I know what you want． You want me to repair your chair”，表明他明白了作者的目的是希望他能帮他修理椅子。

　 4．A

　细节题。nver 意思是“五英镑钞票”，文章倒数第二句说明作者需付五英镑的劳务费。

　 5．C

　概括总结题。纵观全文，作者在四次碰壁后，马上调整行为方式，最终达到了自己的目的，说明他很聪明。

　 Passage 1

　 Haikou: A shark was killed after being dragged to shore at Ya-long Berth beach in Sanya, South China"s Hainan Province, on Sunday afternoon.

　It was the first time a shark had been caught in the beach area, a popular tourist site in Hainan.

　Local fishermen said they caught the 3-meter-long, 1-tonshark by chance when they were fishing in sea water 1,000 me- tres deep near the beach.

　Police temporarily (暂时的) protected the shark while oceanographers decided whether it was a species belonging to State protection.

　Fishermen later killed and sold the shark after oceanographers confirmed that it was a whale shark and therefore not under State protection.

　The shark was believed to have drifted into the area from the deep sea due to strong waves caused last week by Typhoon Imbudo. It had no open injuries but experts said they believed it suffered from internal (内部的) bleeding.

　 Local police officer Fu Chenggeng said beachgoers should not feel threatened by sharks because the fish never attack human beings on their own initiative. Fu said he had never heard of any shark attacks at the Sanya beach since he first started work there eight years ago.

　However, police said they will improve the security system to safeguard tourists" safety on the beach. 1. The underlined word "confirmed "probably means ________.

　 A. said

　B. believed

　C. thought

　D. made sure

　答案: : D

　指导：关键词 oceanographer 指“海洋学者”，所以 that 从句后的内容是专家确定的内容。

　Passage 2

　 When I was about 12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings.

　Week by week her list grew; I was very thin; I wasn"t a good student. I talked too much; I was too proud, and so on. I tried to bear all these as long as I could. At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.

　 He listened to me quietly. Then he asked, "Are the things she says true or not? Janet, didn"t you ever wonder what you are really like? Well, you now have that girl"s opinion. Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.

　I did as he told me. To my great surprise, I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldn"t change like being very thin, but a good number I could and suddenly I wanted to change. For the first time I got a fairly clear picture of myself.

　 I brought the list back to Daddy. He refused to take it. "That"s just for you," he said. "You know better than anyone, the truth about yourself. But you have to learn to listen, not just close your ears in anger and feeling hurt. When something said about you is true, you"ll find it will be of help to you. Our world is full of people who think they know your duty. Don"t shut your ears. Listen to them all, but bear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to ~to." Daddy"s advice has returned to me at many important moments. In my life, I"ve never had a better piece of advice.

　1. What does "Week by week her list grew"mean?

　A. Week by week, my shortcomings grew more serious

　B. She made a list of my shortcomings and kept on adding new ones to it.

　C. I was having more and more shortcomings as time went on.

　D. She discovered more shortcomings of mine and pointed them out to me.

　答案: : D 指导：从文中第一句话和"Weekbyweekherlistgrow” 后的一句话知 D 选项为最佳选项。

　Passage 3

　Bond had walked for only a few minutes when it suddenlyoccurred to him that he was being followed. There was no evidence for it except a slight headache and a little knowing the people near him but believed in his sixth sense and he at once stopped in front of the shop window he was passing and looked occasionally back along 46th street. Nothing but a lot of miscellaneous people moving slowly on the sidewalks, mostly on

　the same side as himself, the side that was back from the sun.

　There was no sudden movement into a doorway, nobody wiping his face with a handkerchief to avoid recognition, nobody bending down to tie a shoelace. He went on and turned into the Avenue of the Americans,

　stopping in the-first doorway, the entrance to a woman"s un-derwear store where a man in a blue hat with his back to him

　was examining the black face paints on a particularly realistic dummy (模型)

　 And then something grasped his arm and a voice came,

　"All right, Limey.

　Take it easy unless you want lead for lunch. "and he felt something press into his back just above the

　kidney. There was a tap as his fist was caught in the other man"s left hand, a...

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