托福阅读：怎样通过技巧解决70%的问题

时间：2020-09-17　来源：博通范文网本文已影响人

在新托福考试中，很多考生容易轻视的就是阅读。因为很多考生会感觉阅读是自己的强项，对于此项无需过多的重视。下面小编就和大家分享托福阅读怎样通过技巧解决70%的问题，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。

托福阅读：怎样通过技巧解决70%的问题

抛开所谓的"法宝"，摒弃虚假的"技巧"，让我们携起手来，踏踏实实共同走一段TOEFL之路。TOEFL的阅读理解有没有技巧?有。但是技巧永远是一种辅助工具，所以把"技巧"炒作成TOEFL应试的主体的做法实在是别有用心的。正是这种不负责任的炒作把千千万万无辜的考生带入了误区。

TOEFL阅读理解满分的出现必须依赖于三个方面的训练：

1.词汇

从某种意义上来讲，词汇量的大小是TOEFL阅读理解高分的基础和关键。如果词汇量没有达到基本要求(五千以上)，纵然你有"葵花宝典"在手，也只能命丧ETS的"毒招"之下。所以，以牺牲词汇量为代价的技巧练习简直是一味巨毒无比。

2.通过练习使学生养成高效的阅读方法——即所谓的阅读技巧

TOEFL的阅读量非常大，一般的中国考生根本无法把文章全部读完，所谓的"扫读法"、"跳读法"和"略读法"也只能适用于少数类型的文章，根本不能解决本质问题。那么，文章到底应该怎么读法呢?一句话，主动地阅读文章的关键部位。所谓主动是指不能象一般的阅读那样完全被动地接受信息，而应该不断的进行思考和预测;所谓关键部位，主要是每一段的开头和结尾部分。由于TOEFL的阅读理解文章全部选自于正式出版物，文章的逻辑结构非常完整和严谨，而且出现的逻辑模式也是屈指可数。经过系统的训练，考生的预测可以做到非常准确的程度。这样，通过阅读文章的几处关键部位，就能很快地把握整个文章的结构和内在的逻辑关系，也就解决了问题的70%。

3.解题训练

排除法恐怕是一直以来大多数学生在解阅读理题目时使用多的方法。事实上，这种方法具有致命的缺点：干扰大、费时间。更有效和迅速的办法是读完题干之后，就在脑子反映出一个模糊的或者是不完整的答案，然后直接在选项中寻找接近的答案进行判断。这种能力必须在平时的训练和讲解中逐渐养成和加强，决非什么技巧之类的东西可以替代。

除了上述三方面的训练之外，如果能够对一些基本的背景知识加以补充的话，更能确保阅读理解的准确率和速度。

所以真正的TOEFL"宝典"并不是去学习一些技巧，而是在训练中养成一种无意识的使用技巧的习惯，做到"心无技巧"的忘我境界。

托福阅读真题原题+题目

Potash (the old name for potassium carbonate) is one of the two alkalis(the other being soda,sodium carbonate) that were used from remote antiquity inthe making of glass, and from theearly Middle Ages in the making of soap: theformer being the product of heating a mixture ofalkali and sand, the latter aproduct of alkali and vegetable oil. Their importance in thecommunities ofcolonial North America need hardly be stressed.

Potash and soda are not interchangeable for all purposes, but for glass- orsoap-making eitherwould do. Soda was obtained largely from the ashes of certainMediterranean sea plants, potashfrom those of inland vegetation. Hence potashwas more familiar to the early European settlersof the North Americancontinent.

The settlement at Jamestown in Virginia was in many ways a microcosm of theeconomy ofcolonial North America, and potash was one of its first concerns. Itwas required for theglassworks, the first factory in the British colonies, andwas produced in sufficient quantity topermit the inclusion of potash in thefirst cargo shipped out of Jamestown. The second ship toarrive in the settlementfrom England included among its passengers experts in potash making.

The method of making potash was simple enough. Logs was piled up and burnedin the open,and the ashes collected. The ashes were placed in a barrel withholes in the bottom, and waterwas poured over them. The solution draining fromthe barrel was boiled down in iron kettles. Theresulting mass was further heatedto fuse the mass into what was called potash.

In North America, potash making quickly became an adjunct to the clearingof land foragriculture, for it was estimated that as much as half the cost ofclearing land could be recoveredby the sale of potash. Some potash was exportedfrom Maine and New Hampshire in theseventeenth century, but the market turnedout to be mainly domestic, consisting mostly ofshipments from the northern tothe southern colonies. For despite the beginning of the trade atJamestown andsuch encouragements as a series of acts to encourage the making ofpotash,beginning in 1707 in South Carolina, the softwoods in the South proved tobe poor sources of thesubstance.

1. What aspect of potash does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) How it was made

(B) Its value as a product for export

(D) Its importance in colonial North America

2. All of the following statements are true of both potash and sodaEXPECT:

(A) They are alkalis.

(B) They are made from sea plants.

(D) They are used in making glass.

3. They phrase the latter in line 4 refers to

(A) alkali

(B) glass

(D) soap

4. The word stressed in line 6 is closest in meaning to

(A) defined

(B) emphasized

(D) mentioned

5. The word interchangeable in line 7 is closest in meaning to

(A) convenient

(B) identifiable

(D) advantageous

6. It can be inferred from the passage that potash was more common thansoda in colonial North

America because

(A) the materials needed for making soda were not readily available

(B) making potash required less time than making soda

(D) the colonial glassworks found soda more difficult to use

7. According to paragraph 4, all of the following were needed for makingpotash EXCEPT

(A) wood

(B) fire

(D) water

8. The word adjunct in line 22 is closest in meaning to

(A) addition

(B) answer

(D) possibility

9. According to the passage , a major benefit of making potash was that

(A) it could be exported to Europe in exchange for other goods

(B) it helped finance the creation of farms

(D) stimulated the development of new ways of glassmaking

10. According to paragraph 5, the softwoods in the South posed which of thefollowing problems

for southern settles?

(A) The softwoods were not very plentiful.

(B) The softwoods could not be used to build houses.

(D) The softwoods were not very useful for making potash.

PASSAGE 6 DBDBC ACABD

托福阅读背景知识汇总之慢波和快波睡眠

从脑电波“EEG“对睡眠的研究得知，我们每天从入睡到起床的睡眠皆会做梦。睡眠过程中有慢波及快波两种睡眠“参考图一”，入睡开始时先会很快进入慢波睡眠，大约九十分钟後会进入第一次快波睡眠，快波和慢波两者交替发生，一夜的睡眠中约出现三至五次快慢波循环。第一个快波睡眠周期约五分锺长，随後第二个快波睡眠周期按比例渐加长时间。快波睡眠时，睡者有快速眼球转动“REM”的特别现象。快波睡眠时如叫醒睡者，他就知道正在做梦，如果做梦之後过五分锺才叫醒睡者就不会知道自己曾经做过梦。世界各地的睡眠研究报告均证实人在快波睡眠期会做梦，因此快波睡眠又称为“做梦期”。

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托福阅读：怎样通过技巧解决70%的问题

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